Multiplying by 2 actually divides every x-value by 2 to produce the y-value. Y = f ( 2 x ) y=f(2x) y = f ( 2 x ) shows our x-value multiplied, which means we have scaled the original function horizontally, which shrinks the graph. Y = − 1 × f ( x ) = − f ( x ) y=-1\times f(x)=-f(x) y = − 1 × f ( x ) = − f ( x ) indicates we have multiplied everything by -1 this produces a reflection across the x-axis, without changing x-axis values. Y = 3 × f ( x ) y=3\times f(x) y = 3 × f ( x ) produces a change of scale, because the absolute value of 3 (the a value in our single equation) stretches the graph. Y = f ( x − 2 ) + 3 y=f(x-2)+3 y = f ( x − 2 ) + 3 gives us values for both c and d, so the translation moves 2 units right (negative c) and three units up (positive d). It shifts the entire graph up for positive values of d and down for negative values of d. Y = f ( x ) + 2 y=f(x)+2 y = f ( x ) + 2 produces a vertical translation, because the +2 is the d value. For horizontal shifts, positive c values shift the graph left and negative c values shift the graph right. Y = f ( x + 2 ) y=f(x+2) y = f ( x + 2 ) produces a horizontal shift to the left, because the +2 is the c value from our single equation. Y = f ( x ) y=f(x) y = f ( x ) produces no translation no values for a, b, c or d are shown. In order to translate any of the common graphed functions, you need to recall and be fluent with the seven common functions themselves, presented here alphabetically because they are all equally important:Ībsolute Value Function: y = ∣ x ∣ y=\left|x\right| y = ∣ x ∣Ĭubic Function: y = x 3 y=+1))+1 y = 0 ( − 1 ( x 3 + 1 )) + 1 and looks like this:Ĭlearly this is an entirely different function, unrelated to your original cubic function. Knowing how to shift, scale or reflect these graphs makes you a stronger mathematics student and produces many variations on the original graphs of common functions. Shifting, scaling and reflecting are three methods of producing translations for basic graphing functions you have already learned. Reflection - A mirror image of the graph of a function is generated across either the x-axis or y-axis Scale - The size and shape of the graph of a function is changed Shift - The graph of a function retains its size and shape but moves (slides) to a new location on the coordinate grid Translations are performed in three ways: Then, using translations, you can move the point. Using the abscissa and ordinate, you can fix a point on the coordinate graph. This is the distance above or below the x-axis. Its partner is the ordinate, or y-coordinate. The abscissa is the x-coordinate, or the distance left or right from the y-axis that allows you to locate a point using a coordinate pair.
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